The 1957 Act created the Civil Rights Division within the Department of Justice and the Commission on Civil Rights; the Attorney General was given authority to intervene in and institute lawsuits seeking injunctive relief against violations of the 15th Amendment. The 1960 Act permitted federal courts to appoint voting referees to conduct voter ... The struggle for equal voting rights came to a head in the 1960s as many states, particularly in the South, dug in on policies—such as literacy tests, poll taxes, English-language requirements, and more—aimed at suppressing the vote among people of color, immigrants and low-income populations. “preclearance.” That formula, based on 1960s and 1970s voter participation data, determined which states and political subdivisions (e.g., counties) were required to seek preapproval from the U.S. Attorney General or the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia before making changes to their voting or election administration practices. That led to new waves of state laws enacting voter ID requirements, closed polling stations, restrictions on vote by mail and limited voting hours. ... May 20, 1993: Voter Registration Through ... Congress passed Civil Rights Acts in 1957, 1960, and 1964, but none of these laws were strong enough to prevent voting discrimination by local officials. On March 7, 1965, peaceful voting rights protesters in Selma, Alabama were violently attacked by Alabama state police. News cameras filmed the violence in what became known as “Bloody Sunday A new “records demand” rule from the 1960 Civil Rights Act helped lawyers look for proof of discrimination in a county’s own voting records; the yellow pins mark the counties where lawyers were researching in those records. For one case alone, lawyers studied 36,000 voter registration forms obtained through records demands. At one time ... Corbis/Getty Images. The Voting Rights Act of 1965, signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson, aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans ... Voter registration in the United States. A group of African American children gather around a sign and booth to register voters. Early 1960s. All U.S. states and territories, except North Dakota, require voter registration by an eligible citizens before they can vote in federal, state and local elections. In North Dakota, cities in the state ... In order to cast a vote in an election, first the voter must register to vote. During the Jim Crow era between Reconstruction and the civil rights legislation of the 1960s, many African Americans who attempted to register to vote were threatened physically or made to fear losing their jobs and homes.
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